Ella Mandel

Ella lost her sister, Lola, there. Then they moved to the Lodz Ghetto. Ella, Zosia, and their mother worked. Her father, too ill, starved. Two years later, they were sent to Auschwitz-Birkenau. Then Ella and Zosia did a death march to Bergen-Belsen.

Ella applied to immigrate to South America with another survivor. The survivor was reunited with her brother, Stefan. Stefan and Ella married in 1946. They lived in Germany for four years, then moved to Minneapolis in 1948.